We refuse to stand still while bacterial infections continue to evade our control.
Structure of E. coliWe are working urgently to help protect society from the consequences of Extraintestinal Pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus or staph) infections, including Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and other bacteria that cause bacterial lung infections, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
ExPEC and S. aureus are the two worldwide leading causes of invasive bacteremia (presence of bacteria in the blood) and septicemia (a life-threatening, uncontrolled inflammatory response to infection leading to organ failure and death), posing a serious threat to older adults with weakening immune systems.1,2 In 2017, an estimated 48.9 million incident cases of sepsis and 11 million sepsis-related deaths were reported worldwide, representing almost 20% of all global deaths.3
Bacterial infections often develop antimicrobial resistance (AMR) or multidrug resistance (MDR), significantly increasing the severity of the infections, morbidity and mortality rates.4 AMR is one of the top ten threats to global health, according to the World Health Organization,5 and by 2050, AMR infections are predicted to kill more people than cancer.6
As the primary cause of urinary tract infections, which can account for 25% of antibiotic prescriptions, ExPEC is considered a major driver behind the global AMR crisis.7,8,9
In the fight against treatment resistance, both vaccines and therapeutics have a vital role to play, alongside the development of new antibiotics, better diagnostics and coordinated strategies to improve the use of antibiotics.6 That is why we prioritize developing novel solutions to reduce the devastating consequences of infection, dependency on antibiotics and the risk of AMR and MDR.
- Facing the alarming truth about AMR
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- Vaccines: The Heroes of Public Health
- IDViewpoints Podcast: Voices in Infectious Diseases
References
1 Smith D and Nehring S. Bacteremia. Stat Pearls Publishing. 2019.
2 Ramachandran G. Gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial toxins in sepsis - A brief review. Virulence. 2014; 5(1):213-218.
3 Rudd et al. Global, regional, and national sepsis incidence and mortality, 1990–2017: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet. 2020; 395: 200–11.
4 Cassini A, et al. Attributable deaths and disability-adjusted life-years caused by infections with antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the EU and the European Economic Area in 2015: a population-level modelling analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2019; 19:56-66.
5 World Health Organization. Available at: https://www.who.int/vietnam/news/feature-stories/detail/ten-threats-to-global-health-in-2019 Last accessed: November 2019.
6 Review on antimicrobial resistance. Tackling drug-resistant infections globally: Final report and recommendations. Available at: https://amr-review.org/sites/default/files/160525_Final%20paper_with%20cover.pdf. Last accessed: November 2019.
7 Singer RS,. Urinary tract infections attributed to diverse ExPEC strains in food animals: evidence and data gaps. Front Microbiol. 2015;6:28
8 Sihra N, et al. Nonantibiotic prevention and management of recurrent urinary tract infection. Nat Rev Urol. 2018;15(12):750–776.
9 Longitude prize. 10 most dangerous antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Available at: https://longitudeprize.org/blog-post/10-most-dangerous-antibiotic-resistant-bacteria. Last accessed: November 2019.
Infectious Diseases & Vaccines
Infectious Diseases & Vaccines
